پاورپوینت هموگلوبینوپاتی

پاورپوینت هموگلوبینوپاتی (pptx) 21 اسلاید

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بنام خدا Types of Hb: Hb A or HbA1: is the normal Hb in adults represents about 97% of total Hb. it is composed of 2 α and 2 β chains. HbA2: minor adult Hb, comprised 3% of normal adult Hb. Composed of 2 α and 2 δ chains HbF(fetal Hb): is the main Hb during fetal life and about 60% of normal Hb at birth then disappear gradually. It is composed of 2α and 2 γ chains. Hb F has greater affinity for O2 than HbA so ensure O2 transfer from maternal circulation to fetus RBCs through placenta. Normal levels are: Men: 13.8 to 18.0 g/dL Women: 12.1 to 15.1 g/dL Children: 11 to 16 g/dL HbA1c:The levels of glycosylated hemoglobin are therefore measured in order to monitor the long-term control of the chronic disease of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM). Poor control of T2DM results in high levels of glycosylated hemoglobin in the red blood cells. The normal reference range is approximately 4–5.9%. Though difficult to obtain, values less than 7% are recommended for people with T2DM. Levels greater than 9% are associated with poor control of the glycosylated hemoglobin, and levels greater than 12% are associated with very poor control. Diabetics who keep their glycosylated hemoglobin levels close to 7% have a much better chance of avoiding the complications that may accompany diabetes (than those whose levels are 8% or higher).In addition, increased glycosylation of hemoglobin increases its affinity for oxygen, therefore preventing its release at the tissue and inducing a level of hypoxia in extreme cases. هموگلوبین های غیر طبیعی HbS: در کم خونی سلول داسی شکل یافت می شود. HbM: مربوط به متهموگلوبینمی می باشد. (آهن در حالت فریک). نقص آنزیمیmetHb reductase HbH: در آلفا تالاسمی دیده می شود.با فرمول ساختمانی β4 HbBart: در آلفا تالاسمی دیده می شود.با فرمول ساختمانی γ4